List of Figures

• Requirements of luminosity as a function of the center-of-mass energy of linear colliders, where the energies of the first and second phases and the minimum required luminosities are depicted together with the physics targets.
• Top view of the beam line from the exit of the main linac to the interaction point (IP) of JLC-I(500GeV).
• Muon attenuator for JLC-I(KEK) presented by Y.Namito at LC93. Two iron pipes are magnetized axially in opposite directions for both charged muons which can be trapped; also, the 120m length of the iron pipe corresponds to a mean range of 250GeV muons.
• Muon spoiler for NLC(SLAC) presented by L.Keller at LC93. A square tunnel of 3x3m is filled by the 1.5 Tesla magnetized spoiler, the length and weight of which are 9.1m and 750 tons, respectively.
• Horizontal(6) and vertical(35) beam envelopes through the last bending magnet and four final focus quadrupole magnets(QC1,QC2,QC3,QC4) for the JLC-I. The maximum divergences of the synchrotron radiation are also drawn by arrows.
• Profiles of the synchrotron radiation at QC1. The profile at the center accompanies the in-coming beam. The two right-hand side's ones are passing through QC1 of 2.4m long after a collision with a 8mrad horizontal crossing.
• Electrons and positrons scattered by beam-beam interaction at JLC-I, where the the vertical and horizontal axes are the scattering angles in vertical and horizontal directions, respectively.
• Masking system in a solenoidal magnetic field of 2 Tesla around the IP for JLC-I.
• Particles of pairs at the front face of the mask (44cm from the IP) for JLC-I, where the vertical axis is their energy and the horizontal one is their radial position.
• Hits per a bunch crossing by the pairs in B=2Tesla as a function of the radius( of a cylinder for two angular regions ((a) and (b)) for JLC-I.
• Masking system for TESLA proposed by D.Schulte at LC95, where 66mrad and 33mm. The nearest superconducting quadrupole magnet is located 3m from the IP, and the aperture is 48mm.
• Hits per a bunch crossing in the inner layer of the vertex detector for TESLA, where the vertex detector covers the angular region 200mrad.
• Schematic view of the JLC detector. The total volume and weight are m and 15,000 ton, respectively.
• Power-spectrum density of vertical ground motion at various locations.
• Ground-motion tolerances and integrated spectrum as a function of the frequency, based on SLC linac measurements during ``quiet" conditions.