&CELL: FIELD-MAP: FILES: format
Specifies that the field map has been generated by the Ansoft
program called "Maxwell 2D Parameter Extractor". The format of
these files is identified automatically, and the format doesn't
have to be specified therefore.
To generate your field maps with Maxwell Parameter Extractor 2D,
you may wish to follow this recipe:
- Go through the various steps until "Solve Parameters", taking
care (before drawing anything) to adjust in "Draw Cross Section"
the "Model Drawing Size" such that it fits exactly the area of
your detector - do not leave any empty space around it. Then
enter "View Fields" from where you perform the following steps:
- Click on "calc", select "plane", if the upper area is not
empty then click on "clear". Do also a "smooth" and a "push"
to ensure the mesh is the same for all maps. Then click on
"voltage" and do an ASCII "write" to a file ("write" is in
the second set of commands to which you access via "next",
to get back to the first set click on "prev"). Maxwell appends
the string ".arg" to the file name you enter. This creates
a map of the potential.
- Repeat step 2 with "E_vector" instead of "voltage", choose a
file name different from the one used in step 2. This creates
a file that contains both Ex and Ey.
- Depending on the Solver that you use:
- In "Electrostatic" mode: click again on "calc", select again
"plane", do a "clear" if needed. Click on "E_vector", then on
"vec_cons", fill in 1 0 0 as vector, click on "execute", click
on "Materials", click on "epsilon", ensure that multiplication
is set to "yes" and "execute", then click on "scalar_x" and do
an ASCII "write" of the result. Choose a file name different
from those used in steps 2 and 3. This procedure leads to a
file that contains the dielectric constant.
- If you model you chamber in "DC conduction mode", then apply
the same recipe with "epsilon" replaced by "sigma".
- If you do not wish to compute signals, you are ready at this
point. Otherwise, go back to the "Parameter Extractor" main menu,
click on "Setup Boundaries/Sources", and select "Define", confirm
that you wish to "Modify" and then adjust the voltages of all
electrodes such that the electrode that you wish to read out is
at 1 V and all other electrodes at 0 V. Then "Exit", confirming
that you wish to save the modifications.
- Go to the "Setup Solution Parameters" in the Parameter Extractor,
click on "Capacitance", select "Current" as Starting Mesh, suppress
"Adaptive Analysis". This ensures that the field is calculated on
the same mesh as the field calculated in point 1.
- Write out the electric field as described in step 2, choosing
a file name different from the names chosen in steps 2, 3 and 4.
This generates the weighting field. Repeat from step 5, if you
intend to read out more than one electrode.
These steps should lead to a set files with names that end on .arg
and that are located in the es.pjt subdirectory of your project.
Be sure to create the E, V, epsilon/sigma and weighting field maps with
identical meshes and the E, V and epsilon/sigma maps with identical
boundary conditions.
The names of these 4 files should be placed after the FILES keyword
of the FIELD-MAP command, the name of the weighting field maps should
be preceded by the keyword "WEIGHTING-FIELD" to distinguish it from
the regular electric field map. The order is not important. There is
no need to specify that the files come from Maxwell Parameter Extractor
2D.
Maxwell documentation at CERN can be found in
http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/ce/ae/Maxwell/documentation.html
(Instructions from Pawel Majewski)
Specifies that the field map has been generated by the Ansoft
program called "Maxwell 2D Field Simulator". The format of these
files is identified automatically, and the format doesn't
have to be specified therefore.
To generate your field maps with Maxwell 2D Field Simulator,
you may wish to follow this recipe:
- Go through the various steps until "Solve". Then enter
"Post Process" for the "nominal problem", from where you
perform the following steps:
- Click on "calc", select "Plane", if the upper area is not
empty then click on "clear". Then click on "voltage" and do
an ASCII "write" to a file ("write" is in the second set of
commands to which you access via "next", to get back to the
first set click on "prev"). Choose a file name like "V",
Maxwell appends the string ".arg" to the file name you enter.
This creates a map of the potential.
- Repeat step 2 with "E_Vector" instead of "voltage", choose a
file name different from the one used in step 2. This creates
a file that contains both Ex and Ey.
- If you wish Garfield to know about the materials present in
the chamber, then either:
- Repeat step 2 with "D_Vector" instead of "voltage", choosing
a file name different from those in steps 2 and 3. This
creates a file with a field map of D. The dielectric constant
is computed by Comparing D and E.
- Do a "clear", then click on "E_Vector", then on "vec_cons",
fill in 1 0 0 as vector, click on "Execute", click on
"Materials", click on "epsilon", ensure that multiplication
is set to "Yes" and "Execute", then click on "scalar_x" and
do an ASCII "write" of the result. Choose a file name different
from those used in steps 2 and 3. This procedure creates to a
file that contains the dielectric constant.
- If you model you chamber in "DC conduction" mode, then apply
the above recipe with "epsilon" replaced by "sigma".
- If you do not wish to perform signal calculations, you're ready
at this point. Otherwise go back to the "2D Field Simulator" main
menu, enter "Setup Boundaries/Sources", confirm that you wish to
"Modify" and then adjust the voltages of all electrodes such that
the electrode that you wish to read out is at 1 V and all other
electrodes at 0 V. Then "Exit", confirming that you wish to save
the modifications.
- Go to the "Setup Solution" in the main menu, select "Options",
select "Current" as Starting Mesh, suppress "Adaptive Analysis"
and click "OK". Next go to "Solve" in the main menu and select
"Nominal Problem". These steps compute the weighting field on
the same mesh as the field calculated in point 1.
- Write out the electric field as described in step 2, choosing
a file name different from the names chosen in steps 2, 3 and 4.
This generates the weighting field map. Repeat from step 5 if
you intend to read more than one electrode.
These steps should lead to a set of files with names that end on
.arg and that are located in your project directory.
Be sure to create the E, V, epsilon/sigma and weighting field maps with
identical meshes and the E, V and epsilon/sigma maps with identical
boundary conditions.
The names of these 4 files should be placed after the FILES keyword
of the FIELD-MAP command, the name of the weighting field maps should
be preceded by the keyword "WEIGHTING-FIELD" to distinguish it from
the regular electric field map. The order is not important. There is
no need to specify that the files come from Maxwell 2D Field Simulator.
Information about using Maxwell at CERN can be found in
http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/ce/ae/Maxwell/Maxwell.html
Specifies that the field map has been generated by the Ansoft
program called "Maxwell 3D Parameter Extractor", version 1.1
(Feb 1993). The format of these files is identified automatically,
and the format doesn't have to be specified therefore.
When generating your field maps with this program, you may wish
to follow this recipe:
- Go through the various steps until "Solve Parameters", taking
care (before drawing anything) to adjust in "Draw Cross Section"
the "Model Drawing Size" such that it fits exactly the area of
your detector - do not leave any empty space around it. Then
enter "View Fields" from where you perform the following steps:
- Click on "calc", select "space", if the upper area is not
empty then click on "clear". Click on "phi", do a "push" to
ensure the mesh is the same for all maps and then "smooth" the
potential map. Do an ASCII "write" to a file. Maxwell appends
the string ".arg" to the file name you enter, it is therefore
sufficient to enter for instance just "V". This creates a map
of the potential.
- Repeat step 2. for "E_vector" and "D_vector", without doing a
"push", and writing to files with different names. Creating
the D field map is optional.
- You may also wish to create weighting field maps as described
for Maxwell Parameter Extractor 2D.
This procedure should create maps of the electrostatic potential,
the E field, the D field and perhaps of a weighting field. The
dielectric constants are computed by comparing E and D. These files
will be located in the efs3d.pjt subdirectory of your project.
Be sure to create the E, V, D and weighting field maps with
identical meshes and the E, V and D maps with identical boundary
conditions.
Information about using Maxwell at CERN can be found in
http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/ce/ae/Maxwell/Maxwell.html
Specifies that the field map has been generated by the Ansoft
program called "Maxwell 3D Field Simulator", version 4.0.
The format of these files is identified automatically,
and the format doesn't have to be specified therefore.
When you use this program to create your field maps, you have
to provide the following to Garfield:
- The mesh: The mesh is contained in a .hyd and a .pnt file
stored in the project directory (and not in an "efs3d.pjt"
subdirectory of the project directory). When requesting
the DELETE-BACKGROUND option,
the projects .shd file is needed in addition. The files
have names like "fileset2", "fileset1", "current", "efs3d",
"previous" and "initial".
- If you do not specify a mesh file explicitely, then Garfield
will look in the directory of the first field map for
mesh files with the above names, starting from "fileset2".
- To select a mesh manually, you provide the name of the .pnt,
.hyd or .shd file (complete file name) and either place this
name first in the list of files to be read, or identify it
explicitely as containing a mesh by prefixing the MESH keyword.
- The field maps of V, D and E written out in .reg format. With
Maxwell 3D Field Simulator, there is no need to smooth the
field maps, as opposed to Maxwell 3D Parameter Extractor.
The field maps can be created as follows: After having gone
through the various steps, in the "Post Process" menu, select
"Nominal Problem". From the "Data" menu, select "Calculator".
In the "Input" column select the "Qty" menu where you pick
"phi". In the "Output" column select "Write ..." and write out
the field to a file called, for instance, "V.reg". Repeat the
same steps replacing "phi" by "E" and "D".
- Optionally, you may also provide weighting fields. Weighting
fields are electric fields that are obtained by setting the
potential of all conductors to 0 V except the read-out conductor
which is set to 1 V.
Be sure to create the E, V, D and weighting field maps with
identical meshes and the E, V and D maps with identical boundary
conditions.
Information about using Maxwell at CERN can be found in
http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/ce/ae/Maxwell/Maxwell.html
To generate your field maps with Tosca on a Unix system, you have to:
- use OPERA version 7.0.
- Generate the geometrical mesh with the 3d Opera preprocessor.
- Click on "MESH" and then choose the "quadrilaters" option.
- Click again on "MESH" and choose the "Volume mesh ... Mesh *" option.
- Click on "FILE" and choose the "write node table" option in order to
create the "username.table" file that contains the mesh node coordinates.
- Generate, clicking again on "FILE", the usual username.OP3 file ready
to be analysed by TOSCA.
- Run the Fortran program "util" with the command:
$VFDIR/opera/3d/util > "username1.table" and, after pushing the
"return" buttom, typing "username.op3" on the keyboard and
pushing "return" again.
The file "username1.table" includes now a table that describes each
element of the mesh, specifying the nodes that make it up.
- Run TOSCA.
- Run the 3d Opera postprocessor. Load the TOSCA result. Click on "FIELDS"
and choose the "table of field points" sub-menu. In this sub-menu:
- Select "input from file" and give "username.table" (see item
6 above) as input.
- Choose an "username2.table" as output according to your taste
- Click on "output components options" and define:
- Component 1 = X
- Component 2 = Y
- Component 3 = Z
- Component 4 = Ex
- Component 5 = Ey
- Component 6 = Ez
- Component 7 = Dx
- Component 8 = Dy
- Component 9 = Dz
- Component 10 = V
- Click the "process table" option that will describe, for each
mesh node, the value of the electric field and potential.
The files "username1.table" and "username2.table" (see item 6 and 10 above)
are now ready for Garfield.
A Garfield input file that uses "username.table" and "username1.table"
can be found in http://consult.cern.ch/writeup/garfield/examples/tosca/example
A single Tosca generated map can contain various kinds of data,
such as the potential, the electric field and the D field. Since
the file contains a description of the data, the contents field
should only make clear that the file is not a mesh file. One can
therefore set the contents field on the FIELD-MAP command to be
any of the contained items.
(Recipe from Guido Maria Urciuoli,
INFN Gruppo Collegata Sanitá, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italia.)
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Formatted on 0100-09-02 at 06:56.