mwm is an X Window System client that provides window management functionality and some session management functional- ity. It provides functions that facilitate control (by the user and the programmer) of elements of window states such as place- ment, size, icon/normal display, and input-focus ownership. It also provides session management functions such as stopping a client. Options -display display This option specifies the display to use; see X(1). -xrm resourcestring This option specifies a resource string to use. -multiscreen This option causes mwm to manage all screens on the display. The default is to manage only a single screen. -name name This option causes mwm to retrieve its resources using the specified name, as in name*resource. -screens name [name [...]] This option specifies the resource names to use for the screens managed by mwm. If mwm is managing a single screen, only the first name in the list is used. If mwm is managing multiple screens, the names are assigned to the screens in order, starting with screen 0. Screen 0 gets the first name, screen 1 the second name, and so on. Appearance The following sections describe the basic default behav- iors of windows, icons, the icon box, input focus, and window stacking. The appearance and behavior of the window manager can be on the display. When mwm is managing multiple screens, the -screens option can be used to give each screen a unique resource name. The names are separated by blanks, e.g., -screens mwm0 mwm1. If there are more screens than names, resources for the remaining screens will be retrieved using the first name. Windows Default mwm window frames have distinct components with associated functions: Title Area In addition to displaying the client's title, the title area is used to move the window. To move the window, place the pointer over the title area, press button 1 and drag the window to a new location. A wire frame is moved during the drag to indicate the new location. When the button is released, the window is moved to the new location. Title Bar The title bar includes the title area, the minimize button, the maximize button and the window menu button. Minimize Button To turn the window into an icon, click but- ton 1 on the minimize button (the frame box with a small square in it). Maximize Button To make the window fill the screen (or enlarge to the largest size allowed by the con- figuration files), click button 1 on the maximize but- ton (the frame box with a large square in it). posted; then position the pointer and select. Default Window Menu Selection Accelerator Description ________________________________________________________________ Restore Alt+F5 Restores the window to its size before minimizing or maximizing Move Alt+F7 Allows the window to be moved with keys or mouse Size Alt+F8 Allows the window to be resized Minimize Alt+F9 Turns the window into an icon Maximize Alt+F10 Makes the window fill the screen Lower Alt+F3 Moves window to bottom of window stack Close Alt+F4 Causes client to termi- nate Resize Border Handles To change the size of a window, move the pointer over a resize border handle (the cursor changes), press button 1, and drag the window to a new size. When the button is released, the window is resized. While dragging is being done, a rubber- band outline is displayed to indicate the new window size. Matte An optional matte decoration can be added between the client area and the window frame. A matte is not actually part of the window frame. There is no functionality associated with a matte. Icons Icon Window Menu Selection Accelerator Description _______________________________________________________________ Restore Alt+F5 Opens the associated window Move Alt+F7 Allows the icon to be moved with keys Size Alt+F8 Inactive (not an option for icons) Minimize Alt+F9 Inactive (not an option for icons) Maximize Alt+F10 Opens the associated window and makes it fill the screen Lower Alt+F3 Moves icon to bottom of icon stack Close Alt+F4 Removes client from mwm manage- ment Note that pressing button 3 over an icon also causes the icon's window menu to pop up. To make a menu selection, drag the pointer over the menu and release button 3 when the desired item is highlighted. Double-clicking button 1 on an icon normalizes the icon into its associated window. Double-clicking button 1 on the icon box's icon opens the icon box and allow access to the contained icons. (In general, double-clicking a mouse button is a quick way to perform a function.) Double-clicking button 1 with the pointer on the window menu button closes the window. Icon Box When icons begin to clutter the screen, they can be packed into an icon box. (To use an icon box, mwm must be started with the icon box configuration already set.) The icon box is a mwm win- dow that holds client icons. It includes one or more scroll bars when there are more window icons than the icon box can show at the same time. Button 1 double click Normalizes (opens) the associated window ________________________________________________________________ Button 1 double click Raises an already open window to the top of the stack ________________________________________________________________ Button 1 drag Moves the icon ________________________________________________________________ Button 3 press Causes the menu for that icon to pop up. ________________________________________________________________ Button 3 drag Highlights items as the pointer moves across the menu. Pressing mouse button 3 when the pointer is over an icon causes the menu for that icon to pop up. Icon Menu for the Icon Box Selection Accelerator Description ____________________________________________________________________________ Restore Alt+F5 Opens the associated window (if not already open). Move Alt+F7 Allows the icon to be moved with keys. Size Alt+F8 Inactive. Minimize Alt+F9 Inactive. Maximize Alt+F10 Opens the associated window (if not already open) and maximizes its size. Lower Alt+F3 Inactive. Close Alt+F4 Removes client from mwm management. To pull down the window menu for the icon box itself, press button 1 with the pointer over the menu button for the icon box. The window menu of the icon box differs from the window menu of a client window: The "Close" selection is replaced with the "PackIcons Shift+Alt+F7" selection. When selected, PackI- cons packs the icons in the box to achieve neat rows with no empty slots. input, it continues to get keyboard input until the window is withdrawn from window management, another window is explicitly selected to get keyboard input, or the window is iconified. Several resources control the input focus. The client win- dow with the keyboard input focus has the active window appearance with a visually distinct window frame. The following tables summarize the keyboard input focus selection behavior: Button Action Object Function Description _________________________________________________________________ Button 1 press Window / window frame Keyboard focus selection Button 1 press Icon Keyboard focus selection Key Action Function Description _______________________________________________________________________ [Alt][Tab] Move input focus to next window in window stack [Alt][Shift][Tab] Move input focus to previous window in window stack X Defaults mwm is configured from its resource database. This database is built from the following sources. They are listed in order of precedence, low to high: /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm $HOME/Mwm RESOURCE_MANAGER root window property or $HOME/.Xdefaults XENVIRONMENT variable or $HOME/.Xdefaults-host mwm command line options The file names /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Mwm and $HOME/Mwm represent customary locations for these files. The actual location of the system-wide class resource file may depend on the XFILESEARCHPATH environment variable and the current ings). Mwm is the resource class name of mwm and mwm is the resource name used by mwm to look up resources. (For looking up resources of multiple screens, the -screens command line option specifies resource names, such as "mwm_b+w" and "mwm_color".) In the following discussion of resource specification, "Mwm" and"mwm" (and the aliased mwm resource names) can be used interchange- ably, but "mwm" takes precedence over "Mwm". mwm uses the following types of resources: Component Appearance Resources: These resources specify appearance attributes of window manager user interface components. They can be applied to the appearance of window manager menus, feedback windows (for example, the window reconfiguration feedback window), client window frames, and icons. Specific Appearance and Behavior Resources: These resources specify mwm appearance and behavior (for example, window management policies). They are not set sepa- rately for different mwm user interface components. Client Specific Resources: These mwm resources can be set for a particular client window or class of client windows. They specify client-specific icon and client window frame appearance and behavior. Resource identifiers can be either a resource name (for example, foreground) or a resource class (for example, Foreground). If the value of a resource is a filename and if the filename is prefixed by "~/", then it is relative to the path contained in The syntax for specifying component appearance resources that apply to a particular mwm component is Mwm*[menu|icon|client|feedback]*resource_id If menu is specified, the resource is applied only to mwm If menu is specified, the resource is applied only to MWM menus; if icon is specified, the resource is applied to icons; and if client is specified, the resource is applied to client window frames. For example, Mwm*icon*foreground is used to specify the foreground color for mwm icons, Mwm*menu*foreground specifies the foreground color for mwm menus, and Mwm*client*foreground is used to specify the foreground color for mwm client window frames. The appearance of the title area of a client window frame (including window management buttons) can be separately con- figured. The syntax for configuring the title area of a client window frame is: Mwm*client*title*resource_id For example, Mwm*client*title*foreground specifies the foreground color for the title area. Defaults for title area resources are based on the values of the corresponding client window frame resources. The appearance of menus can be configured based on the name of the menu. The syntax for specifying menu appearance by name is: Mwm*menu*menu_name*resource_id For example, Mwm*menu*my_menu*foreground specifies the foreground color for the menu named my_menu. The following component appearance resources that apply varies| fontList FontList string||| "fixed" foreground Foreground color varies| saveUnder SaveUnder T/F F topShadowColor Background color varies| topShadowPixmap TopShadowPixmap string|| varies| |The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. ||Image name. See XmInstallImage(3X). |||X11 R4 Font description. background (class Background) This resource specifies the background color. Any legal X color may be specified. The default value is cho- sen based on the visual type of the screen. backgroundPixmap (class BackgroundPixmap) This resource specifies the background Pixmap of the mwm decoration when the window is inactive (does not have the keyboard focus). The default value is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. bottomShadowColor (class Foreground) This resource specifies the bottom shadow color. This color is used for the lower and right bevels of the window manager decoration. Any legal X color may be specified. The default value is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. bottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap) This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap. This Pixmap is used for the lower and right bevels of the window manager decoration. The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. saveUnder (class SaveUnder) This is used to indicate whether "save unders" are used for mwm components. For this to have any effect, save unders must be implemented by the X server. If save unders are implemented, the X server saves the contents of windows obscured by windows that have the save under attribute set. If the saveUnder resource is True, mwm will set the save under attribute on the window manager frame of any client that has it set. If saveUnder is False, save unders will not be used on any window manager frames. The default value is False. topShadowColor (class Background) This resource specifies the top shadow color. This color is used for the upper and left bevels of the window manager decoration. The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. topShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap) This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap. This Pixmap is used for the upper and left bevels of the window manager decoration. The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. The following component appearance resources that apply to frame and icons can be specified: Frame and Icon Components Name Class Value Type Default ____________________________________________________________________ activeBackground Background color varies| activeBackgroundPixmap BackgroundPixmap string|| varies| activeBottomShadowColor Foreground color activeBackground (class Background) This resource specifies the background color of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. activeBackgroundPixmap (class ActiveBackgroundPixmap) This resource specifies the background Pixmap of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. activeBottomShadowColor (class Foreground) This resource specifies the bottom shadow color of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. activeBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap) This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. activeForeground (class Foreground) This resource specifies the foreground color of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the visual type of the screen. activeTopShadowColor (class Background) This resource specifies the top shadow color of the mwm decoration when the window is active (has the keyboard focus). The default is chosen based on the visual behavior resources is Mwm*resource_id For example, Mwm*keyboardFocusPolicy specifies the window manager policy for setting the keyboard focus to a particular client window. The following specific appearance and behavior resources can be specified: Specific Appearance and Behavior Resources Name Class Value Type Default _________________________________________________________________________________________ autoKeyFocus AutoKeyFocus T/F T autoRaiseDelay AutoRaiseDelay millisec 500 bitmapDirectory BitmapDirectory directory /usr/include/X11/bitmaps buttonBindings ButtonBindings string "DefaultButtonBindings" cleanText CleanText T/F T clientAutoPlace ClientAutoPlace T/F T colormapFocusPolicy ColormapFocusPolicy string keyboard configFile ConfigFile file .mwmrc deiconifyKeyFocus DeiconifyKeyFocus T/F T doubleClickTime DoubleClickTime millisec. multi-click time enable- Warp enableWarp T/F T enforceKeyFocus EnforceKeyFocus T/F T fadeNormalIcon FadeNormalIcon T/F F frameBorderWidth FrameBorderWidth pixels 5 iconAutoPlace IconAutoPlace T/F T iconBoxGeometry IconBoxGeometry string 6x1+0-0 iconBoxName IconBoxName string iconbox iconBoxSBDisplayPolicy IconBoxSBDisplayPolicy string all iconBoxTitle IconBoxTitle XmString Icons iconClick IconClick T/F T iconDecoration IconDecoration string varies iconImageMaximum IconImageMaximum wxh 50x50 iconImageMinimum IconImageMinimum wxh 16x16 iconPlacement IconPlacement string left bottom iconPlacementMargin IconPlacementMargin pixels varies interactivePlacement InteractivePlace- ment T/F F keyBindings KeyBindings string "DefaultKeyBindings" keyboardFocusPolicy Key- boardFocusPolicy string explicit limitResize LimitResize T/F T lowerOnIconify LowerOnIconify T/F T maximumMaximumSize MaximumMaximumSize wxh (pixels) T screens Screens string varies showFeedback ShowFeedback string -kill startupKeyFocus StartupKeyFocus T/F T transientDecoration TransientDecoration string sys- tem title transientFunctions TransientFunctions string -min- imize -max- imize useIconBox UseIconBox T/F F wMenuButtonClick WMenuButtonClick T/F T wMenuButtonClick2 WMenuButtonClick2 T/F T autoKeyFocus (class AutoKeyFocus) This resource is available only when the keyboard input focus policy is explicit. If autoKeyFocus is given a value of True, then when a window with the keyboard input focus is withdrawn from window management or is iconi- fied, the focus is set to the previous window that had the focus. If the value given is False, there is no automatic setting of the keyboard input focus. The default value is True. autoRaiseDelay (class AutoRaiseDelay) This resource is available only when the focusAutoRaise resource is True and the keyboard focus policy is pointer. The autoRaiseDelay resource specifies the amount of time (in milliseconds) that mwm will wait before raising a window after it gets the keyboard focus. The default value of this resource is 500 (ms). bitmapDirectory (class BitmapDirectory) This resource identifies a directory to be searched for bitmaps referenced by mwm resources. This These button bindings are merged with the built-in default bindings. The default value for this resource is "DefaultButtonBindings". cleanText (classCleanText) This resource controls the display of window man- ager text in the client title and feedback windows. If the default value of True is used, the text is drawn with a clear (no stipple) background. This makes text easier to read on monochrome systems where a backgroundPixmap is specified. Only the stippling in the area immediately around the text is cleared. If False, the text is drawn directly on top of the existing background. clientAutoPlace (class ClientAutoPlace) This resource determines the position of a window when the window has not been given a user specified posi- tion. With a value of True, windows are positioned with the top left corners of the frames offset horizontally and ver- tically. A value of False causes the currently configured position of the window to be used. In either case, mwm will attempt to place the windows totally on-screen. The default value is True. colormapFocusPolicy (class ColormapFocusPolicy) This resource indicates the colormap focus policy that is to be used. If the resource value is explicit, a colormap selection action is done on a client window to set the colormap focus to that window. If the value is pointer, the client window containing the pointer has the colormap focus. If the value is keyboard, the client win- HOME environment variable). If the LANG environment variable is set, mwm looks for $HOME/$LANG/configFile. If that file does not exist or if LANG is not set, mwm looks for $HOME/configFile. If the configFile pathname does not begin with "~/", mwm considers it to be relative to the current working directory. If the configFile resource is not specified or if that file does not exist, mwm uses several default paths to find a configuration file. If the LANG environment vari- able is set, mwm looks for the configuration file first in $HOME/$LANG/.mwmrc. If that file does not exist or if LANG is not set, mwm looks for $HOME/.mwmrc. If that file does not exist and if LANG is set, mwm next looks for /usr/lib/X11/$LANG/system.mwmrc. If that file does not exist or if LANG is not set, mwm looks for /usr/lib/X11/system.mwmrc. deiconifyKeyFocus (class DeiconifyKeyFocus) This resource applies only when the keyboard input focus policy is explicit. If a value of True is used, a window receives the keyboard input focus when it is normalized (deiconified). True is the default value. doubleClickTime (class DoubleClickTime) This resource is used to set the maximum time (in ms) between the clicks (button presses) that make up a double- click. The default value of this resource is the display's multi-click time. enforceKeyFocus (class EnforceKeyFocus) If this resource is given a value of True, the keyboard input focus is always explicitly set to selected windows even if there is an indication that they are "globally active" input windows. (An example of a globally active window is a scroll bar that can be operated without setting the focus to that client.) If the resource is False, the keyboard input focus is not explicitly set to globally active windows. The default value is True. fadeNormalIcon (class FadeNormalIcon) If this resource is given a value of True, an icon is grayed out whenever it has been normalized (its window has been opened). The default value is False. frameBorderWidth (class FrameBorderWidth) This resource specifies the width (in pixels) of a client window frame border without resize handles. The border width includes the 3-D shadows. The default value is 5 pixels. iconAutoPlace (class IconAutoPlace) This resource indicates whether the window manager arranges icons in a particular area of the screen or places each icon where the window was when it was iconified. The value True indicates that icons are arranged in a particu- lar area of the screen, determined by the iconPlacement resource. The value False indicates that an icon is placed at the location of the window when it is iconified. The default is True. iconBoxGeometry (class IconBoxGeometry) The actual screen size of the icon box window depends on the iconImageMaximum (size) and iconDecoration resources. The default value for size is (6 * iconWidth + padding) wide by (1 * iconHeight + padding) high. The default value of the location is +0 -0. iconBoxName (class IconBoxName) This resource specifies the name that is used to look up icon box resources. The default name is "iconbox". iconBoxSBDisplayPolicy (class IconBoxSBDisplayPolicy) This resource specifies the scroll bar display policy of the window manager in the icon box. The resource has three possible values: all, vertical, and horizon- tal. The default value, "all", causes both vertical and horizontal scroll bars always to appear. The value "vertical" causes a single vertical scroll bar to appear in the icon box and sets the orientation of the icon box to horizontal (regardless of the iconBoxGeometry specifica- tion). The value "horizontal" causes a single horizontal scroll bar to appear in the icon box and sets the orientation of the icon box to vertical (regardless of the iconBox- Geometry specification). iconBoxTitle (class IconBoxTitle) This resource specifies the name that is used in the title area of the icon box frame. The default value is "Icons". iconClick (class IconClick) When this resource is given the value of True, the system menu is posted and left posted when an icon is clicked. The default value is True. icons is that each icon has a label part and an image part (label image). The default icon decoration for stand-alone icons is that each icon has an active label part, a label part and an image part (activelabel label image). iconImageMaximum (class IconImageMaximum) This resource specifies the maximum size of the icon image. The resource value is widthxheight (for example, 64x64). The maximum supported size is 128x128. The default value of this resource is 50x50. iconImageMinimum (class IconImageMinimum) This resource specifies the minimum size of the icon image. The resource value is widthxheight (for example, 32x50). The minimum supported size is 16x16. The default value of this resource is 16x16. iconPlacement (class IconPlacement) This resource specifies the icon placement scheme to be used. The resource value has the following syntax: primary_layout secondary_layout The layout values are one of the following: Value Description _________________________________________ top Lay the icons out top to bottom. bottom Lay the icons out bottom to top. left Lay the icons out left to right. right Lay the icons out right to left. A horizontal (vertical) layout value should not be used for both the primary_layout and the sec- ondary_layout (for example, don't use top for the primary_layout and bottom for the secondary_layout). The primary_layout indicates whether, when an icon placement is done, the icon is placed the screen, and new rows added from the bottom of the screen to the top of the screen). iconPlacementMargin (class IconPlacementMargin) This resource sets the distance between the edge of the screen and the icons that are placed along the edge of the screen. The value should be greater than or equal to 0. A default value (see below) is used if the value spec- ified is invalid. The default value for this resource is equal to the space between icons as they are placed on the screen (this space is based on maximizing the number of icons in each row and column). interactivePlacement (class InteractivePlacement) This resource controls the initial placement of new windows on the screen. If the value is True, the pointer shape changes before a new window is placed on the screen to indicate to the user that a position should be selected for the upper-left hand corner of the window. If the value is False, windows are placed according to the initial window configuration attributes. The default value of this resource is False. keyBindings (class KeyBindings) This resource identifies the set of key bindings for window management functions. If specified these key bindings replace the built-in default bindings. The named set of key bindings is specified in mwm resource descrip- tion file. The default value for this resource is "DefaultKeyBindings". keyboardFocusPolicy (class KeyboardFocusPolicy) default value for this resource is explicit. limitResize (class LimitResize) If this resource is True, the user is not allowed to resize a window to greater than the maximum size. The default value for this resource is True. lowerOnIconify (class LowerOnIconify) If this resource is given the default value of True, a window's icon appears on the bottom of the win- dow stack when the window is minimized (iconified). A value of False places the icon in the stacking order at the same place as its associated window. The default value of this resource is True. maximumMaximumSize (class MaximumMaximumSize) This resource is used to limit the maximum size of a client window as set by the user or client. The resource value is widthxheight (for example, 1024x1024) where the width and height are in pixels. The default value of this resource is twice the screen width and height. moveThreshold (class MoveThreshold) This resource is used to control the sensi- tivity of dragging operations that move windows and icons. The value of this resource is the number of pixels that the locator is moved with a button down before the move oper- ation is initiated. This is used to prevent window/icon movement when you click or double-click and there is unin- tentional pointer movement with the button down. The default value of this resource is 4 (pixels). multiScreen (class MultiScreen) This resource, if True, causes mwm to manage client. If the value is True, the button press is passed to the client window. The window manager function is done in either case. The default value for this resource is False. passSelectButton (class PassSelectButton) This resource indicates whether or not to pass the select button press events to clients after they are used to do a window manager function in the client context. If the resource value is False, then the button press will not be passed to the client. If the value is True, the button press is passed to the client window. The window manager function is done in either case. The default value for this resource is True. positionIsFrame (class PositionIsFrame) This resource indicates how client window position information (from the WM_NORMAL_HINTS property and from configuration requests) is to be interpreted. If the resource value is True, the information is inter- preted as the position of the MWM client window frame. If the value is False, it is interpreted as being the position of the client area of the window. The default value of this resource is True. positionOnScreen (class PositionOnScreen) This resource is used to indicate that windows should initially be placed (if possible) so that they are not clipped by the edge of the screen (if the resource value is True). If a window is larger than the size of the screen, at least the upper left corner of the window is on- message. This protocol is used only for those clients that have a WM_SAVE_YOURSELF atom and no WM_DELETE_WINDOW atom in the WM_PROTOCOLS client window property. The default value of this resource is 1000 (ms). (Refer to the f.kill function for additional information.) raiseKeyFocus (class RaiseKeyFocus) This resource is available only when the keyboard input focus policy is explicit. When set to True, this resource specifies that a window raised by means of the f.normalize_and_raise function also receives the input focus. The default value of this resource is False. resizeBorderWidth (class ResizeBorderWidth) This resource specifies the width (in pixels) of a client window frame border with resize handles. The specified border width includes the 3-D shadows. The default is 10 (pixels). resizeCursors (class ResizeCursors) This is used to indicate whether the resize cur- sors are always displayed when the pointer is in the win- dow size border. If True, the cursors are shown, other- wise the window manager cursor is shown. The default value is True. screens (class Screens) This resource specifies the resource names to use for the screens mananged by mwm. If mwm is managing a single screen, only the first name in the list is used. If mwm is managing multiple screens, the names are assigned to the screens in order, starting with screen 0. Screen 0 gets the first name, screen 1 the second name, and so The value for this resource is a list of names of the feedback options to be enabled or disabled; the names must be separated by a space. If an option is preceded by a minus sign, that option is excluded from the list. The sign of the first item in the list determines the initial set of options. If the sign of the first option is minus, mwm assumes all options are present and starts sub- tracting from that set. If the sign of the first decoration is plus (or not specified), mwm starts with no options and builds up a list from the resource. The names of the feedback options are shown below: Name Description _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ all Show all feedback (Default value) ___________________________________________________________ behavior Confirm behavior switch ___________________________________________________________ kill Confirm on receipt of KILL signal ___________________________________________________________ move Show position during move ___________________________________________________________ none Show no feedback ___________________________________________________________ placement Show position and size during initial placement ___________________________________________________________ quit Confirm quitting MWM ___________________________________________________________ resize Show size during resize ___________________________________________________________ restart Confirm MWM restart The following command line illustrates the syn- tax for showFeedback: Mwm*showFeedback: placement resize behavior restart This resource specification provides feedback for True, a window gets the keyboard input focus when the window is mapped (that is, initially managed by the window manager). transientDecoration (class TransientDecoration) This controls the amount of decoration that Mwm puts on transient windows. The decoration specification is exactly the same as for the clientDecoration (client specific) resource. Transient windows are identified by the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property which is added by the client to indicate a relatively temporary window. The default value for this resource is menu title (that is, transient windows have resize borders and a titlebar with a win- dow menu button). transientFunctions (class TransientFunctions) This resource is used to indicate which window management functions are applicable (or not applicable) to transient windows. The function specification is exactly the same as for the clientFunctions (client specific) resource. The default value for this resource is -minimize -maxi- mize. useIconBox (class UseIconBox) If this resource is given a value of True, icons are placed in an icon box. When an icon box is not used, the icons are placed on the root window (default value). wMenuButtonClick (class WMenuButtonClick) This resource indicates whether a click of the mouse when the pointer is over the window menu button posts and leaves posted the window menu. If the value given this resource is True, the menu remains posted. True is the For example, Mwm*mterm*windowMenu is used to specify the window menu to be used with mterm clients. The syntax for specifying client specific resources for all classes of clients is Mwm*resource_id Specific client specifications take precedence over the specifications for all clients. For example, Mwm*windowMenu is used to specify the window menu to be used for all classes of clients that don't have a window menu specified. The syntax for specifying resource values for windows that have an unknown name and class (that is, windows that do not have a WM_CLASS property associated with them) is Mwm*defaults*resource_id For example, Mwm*defaults*iconImage is used to specify the icon image to be used for windows that have an unknown name and class. The following client specific resources can be specified: Client Specific Resources Name Class Value Type Default __________________________________________________________________________________ clientDecoration ClientDecoration string all clientFunctions ClientFunctions string all focusAutoRaise FocusAutoRaise T/F varies iconImage IconImage pathname (image) iconImageBackground Background color icon back- ground iconImageBottomShadowColor Foreground color icon bottom shadow iconImageBottomShadowPixmap color TopShadow- Pixmap icon top shadow pixmap matteBackground Background color background matteBottomShadowColor Foreground color bot- tom shadow color matteBottomShadowPixmap color BottomShadow- Pixmap bot- tom shadow pixmap matteForeground Foreground color foreground matteTopShadowColor Background color top shadow color matteTopShadowPixmap color TopShadow- Pixmap top shadow pixmap matteWidth MatteWidth pixels 0 maximumClientSize MaximumClientSize wxh fill the screen useClientIcon UseClientIcon T/F F windowMenu WindowMenu string "DefaultWindowMenu" clientDecoration (class ClientDecoration) This resource controls the amount of window from that set. If the sign of the first decoration is plus (or not specified), then mwm starts with no decoration and builds up a list from the resource. Name Description __________________________________________________ all Include all decorations (default value) border Window border maximize Maximize button (includes title bar) minimize Minimize button (includes title bar) none No decorations resizeh Border resize handles (includes bor- der) menu Window menu button (includes title bar) title Title bar (includes border) Examples: Mwm*XClock.clientDecoration: -resizeh -maxi- mize This removes the resize handles and maximize button from XClock windows. Mwm*XClock.clientDecoration: menu minimize bor- der This does the same thing as above. Note that either menu or minimize implies title. clientFunctions (class ClientFunctions ) This resource is used to indicate which mwm func- tions are applicable (or not applicable) to the client win- dow. The value for the resource is a list of functions. If the first function in the list has a minus sign in front of it, then mwm starts with all functions and subtracts from that ______________________________________________________________________________________________ all Include all functions (default value) ________________________________________________ none No functions ________________________________________________ resize f.resize ________________________________________________ move f.move ________________________________________________ minimize f.minimize ________________________________________________ maximize f.maximize ________________________________________________ close f.kill focusAutoRaise (class FocusAutoRaise) When the value of this resource is True, clients are raised when they get the keyboard input focus. If the value is False, the stacking of windows on the display is not changed when a window gets the keyboard input focus. The default value is True when the keyboardFocus- Policy is explicit and False when the keyboardFocusPolicy is pointer. iconImage (class IconImage) This resource can be used to specify an icon image for a client (for example, "Mwm*myclock*iconImage"). The resource value is a pathname for a bitmap file. The value of the (client specific) useClientIcon resource is used to determine whether or not user supplied icon images are used instead of client supplied icon images. The default value is to display a built-in window manager icon image. iconImageBackground (class Background) This resource specifies the background color of the icon image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The default value of this resource is the icon back- ground color iconImageBottomShadowPixmap (class BottomShadowPixmap) This resource specifies the bottom shadow Pixmap of the icon image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The default value of this resource is the icon bottom shadow Pixmap (i.e., specified by Mwm*icon*bottomShadowPixmap). iconImageForeground (class Foreground) This resource specifies the foreground color of the icon image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The default value of this resource varies depending on the icon background. iconImageTopShadowColor (class Background) This resource specifies the top shadow color of the icon image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The default value of this resource is the icon top shadow color (that is, specified by Mwm*icon*topShadowColor). iconImageTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap) This resource specifies the top shadow Pixmap of the icon image that is displayed in the image part of an icon. The default value of this resource is the icon top shadow pixmap (that is, specified by Mwm*icon*topShadowPixmap). matteBackground (class Background) This resource specifies the background color of the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this resource is the client background color (that is, specified by "Mwm*background or Mwm*client*background). matteBottomShadowColor (class Foreground) This resource specifies the bottom shadow color of the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The default specified by "Mwm*bottomShadowPixmap or Mwm*client*bottomShadowPixmap). matteForeground (class Foreground) This resource specifies the foreground color of the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this resource is the client foreground color (that is, specified by "Mwm*foreground or Mwm*client*foreground). matteTopShadowColor (class Background) This resource specifies the top shadow color of the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this resource is the client top shadow color (that is, specified by "Mwm*topShadowColor or Mwm*client*topShadowColor). matteTopShadowPixmap (class TopShadowPixmap) This resource specifies the top shadow pixmap of the matte, when matteWidth is positive. The default value of this resource is the client top shadow pixmap (that is, specified by "Mwm*topShadowPixmap or Mwm*client*topShadowPixmap). matteWidth (class MatteWidth) This resource specifies the width of the optional matte. The default value is 0, which effectively dis- ables the matte. maximumClientSize (class MaximumClientSize) This is a size specification that indicates the client size to be used when an application is maximized. The resource value is specified as widthxheight. The width and height are interpreted in the units that the client uses (for example, for terminal emulators this is generally useClientIcon (class UseClientIcon) If the value given for this resource is True, a client supplied icon image takes precedence over a user supplied icon image. The default value is False, giving the user supplied icon image higher precedence than the client supplied icon image. windowMenu (class WindowMenu) This resource indicates the name of the menu pane that is posted when the window menu is popped up (usually by pressing button 1 on the window menu button on the client window frame). Menu panes are specified in the MWM resource description file. Window menus can be customized on a client class basis by specifying resources of the form Mwm*client_name_or_class*windowMenu (See "Mwm Resource Description File Syntax"). The default value of this resource is "DefaultWindowMenu". Resource Description File The MWM resource description file is a supplementary resource file that contains resource descriptions that are referred to by entries in the defaults files (.Xdefaults, app-defaults/Mwm). It contains descriptions of resources that are to be used by mwm, and that cannot be easily encoded in the defaults files (a bitmap file is an analogous type of resource description file). A partic- ular mwm resource description file can be selected using the configFile resource. The following types of resources can be described in the mwm mwm Resource Description File Syntax The mwm resource description file is a standard text file that contains items of information separated by blanks, tabs, and new- line characters. Blank lines are ignored. Items or charac- ters can be quoted to avoid special interpretation (for example, the comment character can be quoted to prevent it from being interpreted as the comment character). A quoted item can be contained in double quotes ("). Single characters can be quoted by preceding them by the back-slash character (. All text from an unquoted # to the end of the line is regarded as a comment and is not inter- preted as part of a resource description. If ! is the first charac- ter in a line, the line is regarded as a comment. Window manager functions can be accessed with button and key bindings, and with window manager menus. Functions are indicated as part of the specifications for button and key binding sets, and menu panes. The function specification has the following syntax: function = function_name [function_args] function_name = window manager function function_args = {quoted_item | unquoted_item} The following functions are supported. If a function is specified that isn't one of the supported functions then it is inter- preted by mwm as f.nop. f.beep This function causes a beep. f.circle_down [icon | window] This function causes the window or icon that is on the top of the window stack to be put on the bottom of the window stack (so that it no longer obscures any other window or icon). This function between the secondary windows and their primary window. If an icon function argument is specified, the function applies only to icons. If a window function argument is specified, the function applies only to windows. f.circle_up [icon | window] This function raises the window or icon on the bottom of the window stack (so that it is not obscured by any other windows). This function affects only those windows and icons that obscure other windows and icons, or that are obscured by other windows and icons. Secondary win- dows (that is, transient windows) are restacked with their associated primary window. If an icon function argument is specified, the function applies only to icons. If an window function argument is specified, the function applies only to windows. f.exec or ! This function causes command to be executed (using the value of the MWMSHELL environment vari- able if it is set, otherwise the value of the SHELL environment variable if it is set, otherwise /bin/sh). The ! notation can be used in place of the f.exec function name. f.focus_color This function sets the colormap focus to a client window. If this function is done in a root context, the default colormap (setup by the X Window System function is executed in a root context. f.kill This function is used to terminate a client. If the WM_DELETE_WINDOW protocol is set up, the client is sent a client message event indicating that the client window should be deleted. If the WM_SAVE_YOURSELF protocol is set up and the WM_DELETE_WINDOW protocol is not set up, the client is sent a client message event indicating that the client needs to prepare to be terminated. If the client does not have the WM_DELETE_WINDOW or WM_SAVE_YOURSELF protocol set up, this function causes a client's X connection to be terminated (usually resulting in termination of the client). Refer to the description of the quitTimeout resource and the WM_PROTOCOLS property. f.lower [-client] This function lowers a client window to the bottom of the window stack (where it obscures no other window). Secondary windows (that is, transient windows) are restacked with their associated primary window. The client argument indicates the name or class of a client to lower. If the client argument is not specified, the context that the func- tion was invoked in indicates the window or icon to lower. f.maximize This function causes a client window to be displayed with its maximum size. of the window stack (so that it obscures no other window). If an icon box is used, the client's icon changes to its iconified form inside the icon box. Secondary windows (that is, transient win- dows) are minimized with their associated primary window. There is only one icon for a primary window and all its secondary windows. f.move This function causes a client window to be interactively moved. f.next_cmap This function installs the next colormap in the list of colormaps for the window with the colormap focus. f.next_key [icon | window | transient] This function sets the keyboard input focus to the next window/icon in the set of windows/icons managed by the window manager (the ordering of this set is based on the stacking of windows on the screen). This function is treated as f.nop if keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit. The keyboard input focus is moved only to windows that do not have an associated secondary window that is application modal. If the transient argu- ment is specified, transient (secondary) win- dows are traversed (otherwise, if only window is specified, traversal is done only to the last focused window in a transient group). If an icon function argument is specified, the function applies only to icons. If a f.normalize_and_raise This function causes the corresponding client window to be displayed with its normal size and raised to the top of the window stack. Secondary windows (i.e., transient windows) are placed in their normal state along with their associated primary window. f.pack_icons This function is used to relayout icons (based on the layout policy being used) on the root window or in the icon box. In general this causes icons to be "packed" into the icon grid. f.pass_keys This function is used to enable/disable (toggle) processing of key bindings for window manager functions. When it disables key binding processing all keys are passed on to the window with the keyboard input focus and no window manager functions are invoked. If the f.pass_keys function is invoked with a key binding to disable key- binding processing, the same key binding can be used to enable key-binding processing. f.post_wmenu This function is used to post the window menu. If a key is used to post the window menu and a window menu button is present, the window menu is automatically placed with its top-left corner at the bottom-left corner of the window menu button for the client window. If no window menu button is present, the window menu is placed at the top-left corner of of this set is based on the stacking of windows on the screen). This function is treated as f.nop if keyboardFocusPolicy is not explicit. The keyboard input focus is moved only to windows that do not have an associated secondary window that is application modal. If the transient argu- ment is specified, transient (secondary) win- dows are traversed (otherwise, if only window is specified, traversal is done only to the last focused window in a transient group). If an icon function argument is specified, the function applies only to icons. If an window function argument is speci- fied, the function applies only to windows. f.quit_mwm This function terminates mwm (but NOT the X window system). f.raise [-client] This function raises a client window to the top of the window stack (where it is obscured by no other window). Secondary windows (that is, transient windows) are restacked with their associated primary window. The client argument indicates the name or class of a client to raise. If the client argument is not specified, the context that the func- tion was invoked in indicates the window or icon to raise. f.raise_lower This function raises a client window to the top of the window stack if it is partially f.resize This function causes a client window to be interactively resized. f.restart This function causes mwm to be restarted (effectively terminated and re-executed). f.send_msg message_number This function sends a client message of the type _MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES with the message_type indicated by the message_number function argument. The client message is sent only if message_number is included in the client's _MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES property. A menu item label is grayed out if the menu item is used to do f.send_msg of a message that is not included in the client's _MOTIF_WM_MESSAGES property. f.separator This function causes a menu separator to be put in the menu pane at the specified location (the label is ignored). f.set_behavior This function causes the window manager to restart with the default behavior (if a custom behavior is configured) or revert to the custom behav- ior. By default this is bound to Shift Ctrl Meta